CIT incorporates the Cork School of Music and Crawford College of Art and Design as constituent schools. There are many Gaelic Athletic Association clubs in Cork City, including Blackrock National Hurling Club, St. Finbarr's, Glen Rovers, Na Piarsaigh, Nemo Rangers and Douglas GAA. There are two first division clubs in Cork city. Rugby union is played at various levels, from school to senior league level. [7][8], Originally a monastic settlement, Cork was expanded by Viking invaders around 915.
Private operators include Irish Citylink, Aircoach and Dublin Coach. [79] Other shopping areas in the city centre include Oliver Plunkett St. and Grand Parade. [94] Subsequently, in 2014, a public bicycle rental scheme was launched. [20] Due to its position on the coast, Cork city is subject to occasional flooding. In total, teams from the city have won the league 12 times. One of the biggest free newspapers in the city is the Cork Independent. Work continued on extending the N25 South Ring Road through the 1990s, culminating in the opening of the Jack Lynch Tunnel under the River Lee. The Cork College of Commerce is the largest 'College of Further Education' in Ireland. The "Ocean to City" race has been held annually since 2005, and attracts teams and boats from local and visiting clubs who row the 24 kilometres (15 mi) from Crosshaven into Cork city centre. Additions to the arts infrastructure include modern additions to the Crawford Municipal Art Gallery and renovations to the Cork Opera House in the early 21st century. [92] The Port of Cork is situated at Ringaskiddy, 16 kilometres (10 miles) SE via the N28. City routes are numbered from 201 through to 226 and connect the city centre to the principal suburbs, colleges, shopping centres and places of interest.

There are also smaller synoptic weather stations at UCC and Clover Hill. Rugby, Gaelic football, hurling and association football are popular sporting pastimes for Corkonians. [101] Little Island railway station serves Cork's Eastern Suburbs. Cork's main shopping street is St. Patrick's Street and is the most expensive street in the country per sq. [22] The airport records an average of 7 days of hail and 11 days of snow or sleet a year; though it only records lying snow for 2 days of the year. However, the company ceased trading in 1875 after Cork Corporation refused permission to extend the line.[99].

The guide described Cork as being "at the top of its game: sophisticated, vibrant and diverse". Cork Airport also allows easy access to continental Europe and Cork Kent railway station in the city centre provides good rail links for domestic trade. [12] Cork became (more) urbanised some point between 915 and 922 when Norseman (Viking) settlers founded a trading port. [82] Logitech and EMC Corporation are also important IT employers in the area. [125][126] Later immigrant communities retain their places of worship. Although located within the Munster jurisdiction, the club plays in the Leinster Senior League. It has been named "Irish University of the Year" four times since 2003, most recently in 2016. St Mary's Cathedral, often referred to as the North Cathedral, is the Catholic cathedral of the city and was begun in 1808. [citation needed]. Hourly services run to Killarney/Tralee, Waterford, Athlone and Shannon Airport/Limerick/Galway and there are six services daily to Dublin. From 2012, cycle paths and bike stands were added in a number of areas. For the county of the same name, see. Nine airlines fly to more than 45 destinations in Europe. Met Éireann maintains a climatological weather station at Cork Airport,[20] a few kilometres south of the city centre.

[17] For much of the Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile Gaelic countryside and cut off from the English government in the Pale around Dublin. The Everyman Palace Theatre (capacity c.650) and the Granary Theatre (capacity c.150) both host plays throughout the year. Cork is also the European headquarters of Apple Inc. where over 3,000 staff are involved in manufacturing, R&D and customer support. [71][72] This extension was completed in mid-2019.[3]. It suffered a severe blow in 1349 when almost half the townspeople died of plague when the Black Death arrived in the town. Two farmers in county Kerry, Mikey Joe O'Shea and Richie Griffin, have lost over 45 sheep, worth potentially thousands of euro. The M8 motorway links Cork with Dublin. [103] UCC is a constituent university of the National University of Ireland and offers courses in arts, commerce, engineering, law, medicine and science. The main public venues are Páirc Uí Chaoimh and Páirc Uí Rinn (named after the noted Glen Rovers player Christy Ring). [104] Cork Institute of Technology (CIT) was named Irish "Institute of Technology of the Year" in 2007, 2010 and 2016 and offers third level courses in Computing and IT, Business, Humanities and Engineering (Mechanical, Electronic, Electrical, and Chemical). Cork's Kent Station is the main railway station in the city.
A new Lord Mayor of Cork is chosen in a vote by the elected members of the council under a D'Hondt system count. The Kinsale Road flyover opened in August 2006 to remove a bottleneck for traffic heading to Cork Airport or Killarney. Cork is home to one of Ireland's main national newspapers, the Irish Examiner (formerly the Cork Examiner). The third largest city by population on the island of Ireland, the city's cognomen of "the rebel city" originates in its support for the Yorkist cause in the Wars of the Roses. The Grand Parade is a tree-lined avenue, home to offices, shops and financial institutions. Hurling and football are the most popular spectator sports in the city. The National Maritime College of Ireland is located in Cork and is the only Irish college in which Nautical Studies and Marine Engineering can be undertaken. From here, Irish Rail services run to destinations all over Ireland. The city's FM radio band features RTÉ Radio 1, RTÉ 2fm, RTÉ lyric fm, RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta, Today FM, Classic Hits, Newstalk and the religious station Spirit Radio. Cork is home to the RTÉ Vanbrugh Quartet, and popular rock musicians and bands including John Spillane, Rory Gallagher, Five Go Down to the Sea?, Microdisney, The Frank and Walters, Sultans of Ping, Simple Kid, Fred and Mick Flannery. Today some small pirates stations remain. Association football is also played by amateur and school clubs across the city, as well as in "five-a-side" style leagues. In July 2009 the Glounthaune to Midleton line was reopened, with new stations at Carrigtwohill and Midleton (and additional stations proposed for Blarney and elsewhere). Communicorp Media opened a radio studio in 2019 in the city covering content on both Today FM and Newstalk. There are also golf, pitch and putt, hockey, tennis, and athletics clubs in the Cork area. Other popular tourist attractions include the grounds of University College Cork, through which the River Lee flows, the Women's Gaol at Sunday's Well (now a heritage centre) and the English Market. [34], The city has many local traditions in food, including crubeens, tripe and drisheen, which were historically served in eating houses like that run by Katty Barry in the mid-20th century. Cork is home to some of the country's leading department stores with the foundations of shops such as Dunnes Stores and the former Roches Stores being laid in the city. Its distinctive tower was added in the 1860s. [85], Cork Airport is the second busiest airport in the Republic of Ireland, and is situated on the south side of Cork city close to Ballygarvan. [22] Cork is also a generally foggy city, with an average of 97 days of fog a year, most common during mornings and during winter. [129] As of the 2016 census, an increasing number of residents (15%) indicated that they had no religion[130] – a higher rate of increase and a higher overall percentage than the national average (10%). [67][68] Since June 2020, the mayor has been Joe Kavanagh of Fine Gael. All three involved Ireland playing Scotland. The North and East sides are faced in red sandstone, and the West and South sides are clad in the predominant stone of the region, white limestone. [31] The short story writers Frank O'Connor and Seán Ó Faoláin hailed from Cork, and contemporary writers include Thomas McCarthy, Gerry Murphy, and novelist and poet William Wall. In the War of Independence, the centre of Cork was burnt down by the British Black and Tans,[19] in an event known as the "Burning of Cork"[19] and saw fierce fighting between Irish guerrillas and UK forces. [80] Several pharmaceutical companies have invested heavily in the area, including Pfizer Inc., Johnson & Johnson and Swiss company Novartis.

There are two cathedrals in the city; St. Mary's Cathedral and Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral. A mixed retail and office development, on the site of the former Capitol Cineplex, with approximately 60,000 square feet (5,600 m2) of retail space, was opened in June 2017. Ranging in capacity from 50 to 1,000, the main music venues in the city are the Cork Opera House (capacity c.1000), The Everyman, Cyprus Avenue, Dali, Triskel Christchurch, The Roundy, and Coughlan's.[30]. Naomhóga Chorcaí is a rowing club whose members row traditional naomhóga on the Lee in occasional competitions. In common with other Irish urban centres, the female population (50.67%) is higher than the male population (49.33%), although the gap is somewhat smaller than in other cities. Up until April 2009, there were also two large commercial breweries in the city. West Cork trains terminated at Albert Quay, across the river from Kent Station (though an on-street rail system connected the two for rolling stock and cargo movement). The wider city area, including the city's suburbs, is served by three railway stations. With a population of approximately 210,000,[3] Cork is the second-most populous city in the State and the 16th-most populous area of local government. The main route, still much the same today, is from Dublin Heuston. Cork also hosts one of Ireland's most successful Australian Rules Football teams,[116] the Leeside Lions, who have won the Australian Rules Football League of Ireland Premiership several times. These are Cork Kent railway station, Little Island railway station and Glounthaune railway station. Buses to the outer suburbs and towns, such as Ballincollig, Glanmire, Midleton and Carrigaline are provided from the city's bus terminal at Parnell Place in the city centre. Cork lies in plant Hardiness zone 9b. There are a variety of watersports in Cork, including rowing and sailing.


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