In 1814 he served as a Knox County associate circuit court judge and won election to the Territorial Legislature. After years of petitioning, the Pokagon Band regained recognition in 1994 through legislation affirming their status. Our ancestors developed elaborate agricultural techniques. Some Potawatomi became religious followers of the “Kickapoo Prophet”, Kennekuk. [8][9] The band has been limited to three casinos by its 2008 compact with the state of Michigan. Forest County Potawatomi Tribe: Profile of the Wisconsin Potawatomi nation. . Our collection focuses exclusively on Native Studies, with an emphasis on the Potawatomi Nation and the tribes of the Great Lakes region. In 1830, he was appointed by an act of the Indiana General Assembly as one of the three commissioners for the construction of the Michigan Road. Over the years, the US reduced the size of the reservations under pressure for land by incoming European Americans.

The Potawatomi exchanged their knowledge in canoe building with neighboring tribes for the knowledge to grow corn, beans and squash. A decreasing number of elders among the Potawatomi bands speak the language, but the Pokagon are participating in a program to restore teaching and use of the language: See Potawatomi language § Language revitalization. Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians are a federally recognized Potawatomi-speaking tribe based in southwestern Michigan and northeastern Indiana. Each clan had a sacred bundle which was the focus of oral traditions which recorded the origins of that clan. A second, satellite casino, Four Winds Hartford, opened in 2011 in Hartford, Michigan. Polke served a critical role in the success of that project, which established a road extending from the Ohio River to Lake Michigan. Potawatomi Indian Fact Sheet. Members of the tribal council, including the chairman, are elected by members of the tribe. [citation needed] The 8,500-square-foot (790 m2) building has been designed to satisfy Silver LEED standards, and incorporates a number of innovations to reduce its energy use and create a sustainable building: including a green roof, thick concrete flooring to act as a heat sink, windows to the south to gain winter sun and heat, and geothermal systems. They were the only Potawatomi band to gain permission from the United States government to remain in Michigan after Indian removal in the 1830s.

However, during a research project conducted to identify the burial site of each of the Constitutional Convention delegates, Indiana State Archivist, Jim Corridan led an effort and identified Polke’s long forgotten grave located, “in an early Fort Wayne cemetery.” Through a diligent search of records in Polke’s estate filed at the County Clerk’s office by SuzAnn Runge, Corridan has been able to confirm that William Polke, in fact, is interred in the Old Broadway Cemetery. Today, only one grave from its days as a cemetery is marked in McCulloch Park and that is Indiana’s seventh Governor Samuel Bigger. The final step followed the Treaty of Chicago, negotiated in 1833 for the tribes by Caldwell and Robinson. The tribe has been federally recognized since 1994 legislation affirmed its status; it has established self-government. Along with “Father Petit, and an escort of fifteen men continued with the broken tribe to their destination on the Osage River in Kansas. Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the Pokagon Band wanted to restore self-government and requested recognition as a tribe by the Department of the Interior, but were denied because of conditions of their treaties and the legislation. [6] The tribe opened a third, Four Winds Dowagiac,[7] in 2013 in Dowagiac, Michigan. Potawatomi Lifestyle and Tradition Prairie Band of Potawatomi Indians: Potawatomi history, language, and cultural resources. Archaeologists say they migrated south from Ontario about 1,000 years ago. The tribe that held the Chicago region from about the close of the seventeenth century until 1833 were the Potawatomi.They axe discussed here at some length, as they played an important role throughout the early American period, and we are fortunate in possessing quite detailed accounts of their mode of life.

The United States Government began a forceful relocation of the Potawatomi Indians in the 1830s, with the military driving Native American tribes over several states to areas west of the Mississippi River. Tribal government functions are located in Dowagiac, Michigan.
Later the Polke family moved to Knox County, Indiana, and as an adult, William established a career in public service. [citation needed], As a federally recognized tribe, the Pokagon Band were able to develop and open in 2007 the Four Winds New Buffalo casino on the Pokagon Reservation. He served two terms as the state senator of Knox County, but lost his bid for Lieutenant Governor in 1822, apparently ending his quest for elective office.

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Some followers believe over centuries, along with the Ojibwe and Odawa Anishinaabe peoples, they migrated west to the Great Lakes region some 500–800 years ago in a "Great Migration.". ", "Third Four Winds Casino Opens in Dowagiac", "Should There be a Legislative Solution to Disputed Indian Trust Applications?". During the Indian removals, many Potawatomi bands were moved west, but Chief Leopold Pokagon negotiated to keep his Potawatomi band of 280 people in southwestern Michigan. During 1838, Superintendent Emigration of Indians, Able C. Pepper, assigned Polke as a conductor of the Potawatomi peoples’ removal from their northern Indiana homeland on their grueling march to Kansas. Today the population of the Potawatomi tribe is established in … [5] Architecturally the casino's rotunda is built in the style of the Potawatomi people's traditional lodges. [12], The Pokagon Tribal Police Department was established in 2003 to provide direct law enforcement services to the tribal members and visitors in the ten-county tribal geographic boundaries in Michigan and Indiana. from the encroaching aggression.”.


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